70 research outputs found
Governing autonomous vehicles: emerging responses for safety, liability, privacy, cybersecurity, and industry risks
The benefits of autonomous vehicles (AVs) are widely acknowledged, but there
are concerns about the extent of these benefits and AV risks and unintended
consequences. In this article, we first examine AVs and different categories of
the technological risks associated with them. We then explore strategies that
can be adopted to address these risks, and explore emerging responses by
governments for addressing AV risks. Our analyses reveal that, thus far,
governments have in most instances avoided stringent measures in order to
promote AV developments and the majority of responses are non-binding and focus
on creating councils or working groups to better explore AV implications. The
US has been active in introducing legislations to address issues related to
privacy and cybersecurity. The UK and Germany, in particular, have enacted laws
to address liability issues, other countries mostly acknowledge these issues,
but have yet to implement specific strategies. To address privacy and
cybersecurity risks strategies ranging from introduction or amendment of non-AV
specific legislation to creating working groups have been adopted. Much less
attention has been paid to issues such as environmental and employment risks,
although a few governments have begun programmes to retrain workers who might
be negatively affected.Comment: Transport Reviews, 201
Crowdsourcing, sharing economy and development
Hi this paper is now available online.</p
The Governance of Risks in Ridesharing: A Revelatory Case from Singapore
Recently we have witnessed the worldwide adoption of many different types of
innovative technologies, such as crowdsourcing, ridesharing, open and big data,
aiming at delivering public services more efficiently and effectively. Among
them, ridesharing has received substantial attention from decision-makers
around the world. Because of the multitude of currently understood or
potentially unknown risks associated with ridesharing (unemployment, insurance,
information privacy, and environmental risk), governments in different
countries apply different strategies to address such risks. Some governments
prohibit the adoption of ridesharing altogether, while other governments
promote it. In this article, we address the question of how risks involved in
ridesharing are governed over time. We present an in-depth single case study on
Singapore and examine how the Singaporean government has addressed risks in
ridesharing over time. The Singaporean government has a strong ambition to
become an innovation hub, and many innovative technologies have been adopted
and promoted to that end. At the same time, decision-makers in Singapore are
reputed for their proactive style of social governance. The example of
Singapore can be regarded as a revelatory case study, helping us further to
explore governance practices in other countries. Keywords: risk; ridesharing;
transport; governance; innovative technologies; case study; Singapor
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